Mary Kitchen Roast Beef Hash 7.5 Oz Cans
From offscreen friendships and jarring pay inequality to the special effects and makeup tricks that brought some of the world'southward favorite flick characters to life, The Magician of Oz (1939) had so much going on behind the emerald curtain and the Technicolor gloss of an amazing fantasy world.
In accolade of the 80th anniversary of the flick, follow the yellowish brick slideshow to peek behind that curtain and learn more than about the secrets and fun facts that make the dear film a timeless classic.
Margaret Hamilton Was a Fan Earlier the Film
As a self-proclaimed lifelong fan of 50. Frank Baum's Oz series, Margaret Hamilton was thrilled to be considered for a part in the 1939 picture adaptation. Hamilton chosen her amanuensis to ask which graphic symbol the producers wanted her to play, and her agent famously said, "The witch — who else?"
Hamilton, a single mother, fought MGM for an agreed upon amount of guaranteed work time. 3 days before filming began, the studio agreed to a v-week deal. In the end, Hamilton was on gear up for three months, simply many of her scenes were cut for beingness too scary for audiences.
Dorothy'southward Original Look Was More than Movie Star Than Subcontract Girl
Certain, Dorothy Gale doesn't demand prosthetics or aluminum makeup, merely that doesn't mean Judy Garland wasn't put through the costume department wringer. Although she was young at the time, the 16-twelvemonth-old Garland had to clothing a corset-like device and so she looked more like a preadolescent child.
Director Richard Thorpe suggested Garland wear a blonde wig and loads of "baby-doll" makeup (as any preadolescent girl would…). Luckily, that vision of the grapheme inverse. After MGM fired Thorpe, the intermediate director George Cukor nixed the heavy makeup and wig. Instead, he told Garland to be herself. Smart motility.
The "Skywriting" Scene Employed Some Cracking Movie Magic
The Wizard of Oz employs a lot of slap-up film tricks, and some of the most unique were used in the skywriting scene. In it, the Wicked Witch (Margaret Hamilton) flies above the Emerald City, leaving the phrase "Give up Dorothy" in her wake in black smoke.
Using a hypodermic needle, the special furnishings team spread black ink across the bottom of a glass tank that was filled with a thick, tinted liquid (some speculate milk). They wrote the phrase in opposite and filmed the scene from beneath. Initially, the skywriting ended with the ominous "Or Die — W W W."
The "Snow" in the Poppy Field Was Actually Dangerous
One of the Wicked Witch's concluding-ditch efforts to impede Dorothy's quest to meet the Wonderful Sorcerer of Oz involves a poppy field and some magical sleep-inducing snow. While many like to joke that the poppies and their drowsiness are the event of opium (a component of poppies), the scene has a much more blatant toxic connection than that.
All that magical snow? It's actually 100% industrial-course chrysotile asbestos. Even though the health risks associated with the material were known at the fourth dimension, information technology was all the same Hollywood's preferred choice for imitation snow. Our advice to Dorothy? Don't grab whatsoever snowflakes on your tongue.
Scarecrow'south Makeup Stuck Around for Awhile
In the terminate, Ray Bolger (Scarecrow) was probably grateful in more ways than one for Buddy Ebsen (the original Tin Man's) willingness to trade parts with him. The Tin can Man's aluminum makeup caused a huge amount of problems for Ebsen, who was replaced by Jack Haley.
Although Bolger's makeup experience was better than Ebsen'south, he notwithstanding had some issues. The Scarecrow's makeup consisted of a rubber prosthetic, complete with a woven design that mimicked the look of burlap. After the film wrapped, the prosthetic left patterns on Bolger's face that took more than than a twelvemonth to fade.
Margaret Hamilton Was Burned On Set
In a flare-up of flames and red fume, the Wicked Witch (Margaret Hamilton) vanishes from Munchkinland. Although the scene is terrifying for viewers, it may accept instilled more fear for Hamilton. On the first have, the fume rose from a subconscious trapdoor also early on.
For the second take, Hamilton stood on the trapdoor equally planned, but her greatcoat snagged on the platform when the burn down flared upwardly. Her copper-containing makeup heated up instantly, causing second- and third-degree burns on her easily and face up. To make matters worse, the coiffure tried to remedy her burns with (an even more painful) acetone solvent.
The Flying Monkeys Became Falling Monkeys
The Wicked Witch's legion of flying monkeys — or Winged Monkeys as they're called in the source cloth — accept certainly been a source of terror for generations. Almost as scary as the Witch herself, these henchmen soar onto the scene to kidnap Dorothy and Toto — thank you to the magic of pianoforte wires.
Nonetheless, the aerial stunt went amiss when several of the pianoforte wires snapped, sending actors plummeting a few feet to the soundstage floor. To create such a vast troupe of monkeys (and cutting downward on human marionettes), filmmakers made miniature rubber monkeys to help populate the sky.
"Over the Rainbow" Was Almost on the Cut Room Flooring
To no one's surprise, the American Film Constitute ranked "Over the Rainbow" #1 on a list of 100 Greatest Songs in American Films. But what may surprise y'all? The (arguably) most iconic song of Judy Garland's career was nearly cut from the flick.
Studio execs at MGM idea the song fabricated the Kansas scenes too long. Moreover, filmmakers were concerned that children wouldn't understand the song'southward meaning. Luckily, this unfounded concern melted like lemon drops. Unfortunately, Garland'due south tearful reprise of the song was left on the cutting room floor.
The Tin can Human Costume Didn't Let Jack Haley to Residuum Easy
Although Bert Lahr had to schlep effectually in a ninety-pound panthera leo costume, Jack Haley didn't have it piece of cake either. From the lingering concerns virtually the aluminum paste-based makeup on his face up and hands to the minimal flexibility of the "tin" trunk and arms, Haley faced some challenges.
Reportedly, his costume was so stiff that he had to lean against a board to rest properly. Many years subsequently, histrion Anthony Daniels, known for playing the protocol droid C-3PO in the Star Wars films, had the aforementioned issue with his rigid costume. It seems even fantasy and sci-fi tin't aid folks escape all their problems.
The Original Tin can Man Was Rushed to the Hospital
Initially, Buddy Ebsen was bandage equally the Scarecrow, but traded parts with Ray Bolger. However, Ebsen's new grapheme, the Tin Man, acquired him a earth of problems. Namely, the character'south silver makeup contained a harmful aluminum dust that coated Ebsen's lungs.
To make matters worse, Ebsen had an allergic reaction, and, unable to breathe, he was rushed to the hospital. MGM recast the role with Jack Haley (and changed up the makeup), merely didn't explain why Ebsen "dropped out." Although Ebsen didn't appear in the terminal flick, his vocals tin be heard in "We're Off to See the Magician."
A Stocking & Some Miniatures Gave Us the Tornado
The tornado that strikes the Gale homestead is full of practical special furnishings that really hold upwardly. The funnel itself was actually a 35-foot long stocking made of muslin. The special furnishings team spun it effectually miniatures that resembled the farms and fields of Kansas. Against the painted properties, the tornado looks menacing.
The Gale business firm, which falls from the sky and into Oz, is just a miniature house that was dropped onto a sky painting. Filmmakers then reversed the footage to make it look like the house was falling out of the clouds.
Hollywood Didn't Pay Up And so Either
Pay inequality has always been an issue in Hollywood. For example, Adriana Caselotti, voice of the titular character in Walt Disney's Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937), made $970 for her performance. The motion-picture show went on to make roughly $eight million.
According to the Los Angeles Times, Judy Garland's pay was better than Caselotti'south — playing Dorothy earned her $500 a week — but it withal didn't reflect the film's success. Fifty-fifty more than discouraging, the folks who portrayed the citizens of Munchkinland were paid a mere $50 per calendar week. (Meanwhile, Terry the dog earned $125 per calendar week as Toto. A existent yikes.)
Bert Lahr's Lion Costume Was Taxing
Originally, MGM idea it might bandage its mascot — the actual lion used in the studio's championship card — as the cowardly grapheme. Fortunately, for the condom of the actors and the animal, the filmmakers decided to cast actor Bert Lahr as the anthropomorphic character instead.
To brand a convincing beast, the costume department fashioned Lahr a ninety-pound outfit made from existent lion skin. Yet, the arc lights used on set made things a steamy 100 degrees during filming, which meant Lahr did a lot of sweating unrelated to his character'due south nerves. Each night, two stagehands dried the costume for the side by side day.
The Initial Box Part Returns Were Uneven
The pic started shooting in October of 1938 but didn't wrap until March of 1939, racking up an unheard of $ii,777,000 in costs. That's well-nigh $50 meg adjusted for aggrandizement. Upon its initial release, the movie only earned $3 million at the box office — about $51.8 million by today's standards.
Although that seems impressive for a Depression-era film, remember that Disney made $8 one thousand thousand with Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937). The Wizard of Oz's modest success in the U.Southward. barely covered production and film rights' costs — MGM paid $75,000 to the publisher for those — merely success overseas fortunately bolstered the flick'south returns.
The Night Side of Oz in a Time Before "Me Too"
Judy Garland was only 16 years onetime when she was cast as Dorothy. Insecure and lonesome, she became addicted to amphetamines and barbiturates, which were oftentimes given to young actors to help them sleep after studios shot them upward with adrenaline so they could work long hours.
The spotlight — and her dissentious contract with MGM — didn't help, leading to her lifelong struggles with an eating disorder and alcoholism. According to a author for Express, "[Garland] was molested by older men, including studio chiefs [and caput Louis B. Mayer], who considered her piffling more than their 'property.'" Moreover, MGM forced Garland to stick to a wildly unhealthy diet of cigarettes, coffee and chicken soup.
The Vocalism of Snow White Had a Cameo
A few years before The Wizard of Oz debuted, Walt Disney's feature-length blithe film Snow White and the Vii Dwarfs (1937) became a smash-hit. Not simply did the film revolutionize the animation industry, it also reinvigorated the fantasy genre.
Disney wanted to follow upwardly Snowfall White — and so the most successful film of all time — with an adaptation of The Wizard of Oz, but MGM owned the rights. By happenstance, Adriana Caselotti, who voiced Snowfall White, had an uncredited office in Oz. During the Tin Man's "If I Merely Had a Heart," Caselotti speaks her sole line, "Wherefore art thou Romeo?"
The Ruby Slippers Are Props & Treasured Artifacts
Keeping in line with the book, Dorothy's iconic footwear was originally silverish, simply screenwriter Noel Langley felt the carmine colour would really pop in glorious Technicolor. Designed by MGM'southward chief costume designer Gilbert Adrian, the shoes are each covered in nigh two,300 sequins.
Ane of the remaining pairs is on view in the Smithsonian Establishment's National Museum of American History. Since the brandish is so heavily trafficked, the museum has replaced the carpet in that location several times. Some other pair were stolen from Minnesota's Judy Garland Museum in 2005, but the FBI recovered the slippers for the establishment in 2018.
Only One Sequence Was Filmed "On Location"
The Wizard of Oz is your archetype adventure story, and Dorothy's quest leads her from a Kansas farm to another globe — complete with corn fields, poppy-filled meadows and forests. However, despite all these scenic locations, nearly all the scenes were shot on a soundstage.
Every bit was customary at the time, immense, detailed backdrops were painted by studio artists, making it possible for filmmakers to ship audiences to far away places without filming on location. In fact, the simply location footage in the film is the opening title sequence — those clouds are 100% the real deal.
A 2d Toto Was Brought In
Toto, played primarily by Terry, is 1 of the most beloved dogs in flick history. Terry was famously not a huge fan of special furnishings and can often be seen running out of a shot when something loud or alarming happens — similar when the Tin Human being spouts out all of that steam.
After ane of the Witch'south guards accidentally stepped on her, Terry was on bedrest for two weeks. Filmmakers went through two doubles to find one that resembled the original canine actor more closely.
Fun fact: Judy Garland was so fond of Terry that she wanted to adopt the dog.
Margaret Hamilton "Mourns the Wicked" Witch
In improver to being a huge fan of the Oz books, Margaret Hamilton also believed her character was more than only your run-of-the-mill evil villain. More than 35 years after the picture debuted, Hamilton, donning her Witch'southward costume to testify kids it was make-believe, appeared on Mister Rogers' Neighborhood, where Fred Rogers interviewed her well-nigh the grapheme.
Co-ordinate to Hamilton, the so-called Wicked Witch relished everything she did, simply she was too a deplorable, lonely figure. In short, things never went well for the frustrated Witch. Oddly enough, the Broadway musical Wicked also takes this approach to the Witch's character.
The "Equus caballus of a Different Colour" Was Fabricated Possible Thanks to a Nutrient Product
In 1939, audiences were just equally amazed as Dorothy, Scarecrow, Tin Homo and the Cowardly King of beasts when the equus caballus in Emerald City took on a rainbow of colors. This "horse of a dissimilar color" was made possible thank you to a surprising food particular…
Clot-O crystals were used to color the horses, which meant filmmakers had to move quickly — the animals were eager to lick upward the sweet treat. But the colorful steed isn't the only interesting component in this fan-favorite scene. The equus caballus-fatigued carriage was once endemic past President Abraham Lincoln and at present resides at the Judy Garland Museum.
The Makeup Department Hired on Extra Easily
From the citizens of Munchkinland and Emerald City to the Witch's flying monkeys, so many actors had to undergo a makeup transformation in club to give life to this fantasy flick. To proceed up with the daily demands, MGM called upon workers from the studio mailroom and courier service to manage makeup stations.
Since most of the Ozian ensemble required prosthetics, makeup artists — and "makeshift" artists — formed a kind of costuming assembly line. Near actors had to arrive earlier 5:00 in the morning — six days a week! — to begin the intensive process.
Memorable (& Often Misquoted) Lines Fill the Film
The film is chock-total of iconic, memorable songs, and information technology has the great fortune of being responsible for some of the nigh quoted lines in movie history also. In 2007, Premiere compiled a listing of "The 100 Greatest Movie Lines" and placed a whopping three of the moving-picture show'due south lines on the listing.
"Pay no attending to that human backside the curtain" was voted #24, while "At that place's no identify like abode" nabbed the 11th spot. Finally, the frequently misquoted "Toto, I have a feeling we're not in Kansas anymore" landed in the 62nd spot.
The Witch'southward Burn down Employed Some Technical Wizardry (& Juice)
Conspicuously, the technical wizardry — or witchcraft — in the motion picture is incredible. Like the "horse of a dissimilar color" sequence, another iconic, special effects-heavy scene harnessed the power of everyday household items to pull off fun tricks.
Shortly after Dorothy arrives in Munchkinland, the Wicked Witch tries to snatch the ruby slippers from the young girl's feet. All the same, burn strikes the Witch's hands, repelling her. This "fire" is really apple juice spouting from the slippers in a sped-up prune to make information technology look more flame-similar.
Technicolor Required Some Ingenuity in the Props Department
Experimenting with Technicolor was part fun and part problem-solving for filmmakers. In order to properly capture scenes with the Technicolor photographic camera, the soundstage needed to be lit with arc lights, which oft heated the prepare to a toasty 100 degrees.
After the lights were fix, the experts experimented with what would look all-time on film, specially in colorized form. For instance, the white office of Dorothy's dress is actually pink — simply because it filmed better. And the oil the Can Man is so excited about? It's actually chocolate syrup.
The Wicked Witch of the E Makes More Than 1 Appearance
Part of the Wicked Witch of the West's beef with Dorothy is that the young girl dropped a house on her sis, the Wicked Witch of the East, who was the short-lived owner of the ruddy slippers. Although Margaret Hamilton already plays both the Wicked Witch of the West and her Kansas counterpart Almira Gulch, she also plays the Wicked Witch of the Due east — if only briefly.
During the tornado sequence, an addled Dorothy looks out her chamber window and watches Gulch transform into a witch, her shoes shimmering. For fans, this glint indicates the witch outside the window is wearing the ruby slippers. The restored version of the film makes that shimmer even more than noticeable.
The Film's Running Fourth dimension Was Cut Down Several Times
The first cut of the film clocked in at a running time of 120 minutes. Although that seems like zippo by today'due south Marvel flick standards, producer Mervyn LeRoy felt information technology was long and unwieldy and wanted to chop off xx minutes.
Afterward cutting the famed "Jitterbug" number (top right) and an extended Scarecrow trip the light fantastic sequence, the film was 112 minutes long. LeRoy held a 2nd preview screening, and, afterwards, nixed Dorothy'south "Over the Rainbow" reprise, an Emerald City reprise of "Ding! Dong! The Witch Is Dead," a scene where the Can Man becomes a human being beehive (Yikes!) and a few Kansas sequences.
And so Much for a "Wicked" Witch
Filmmakers accounted Margaret Hamilton's Wicked Witch of the West functioning too frightening for audiences and cutting or trimmed many of her scenes. Only not everyone thought her operation was terrifying — namely Judy Garland, who played the Wicked Witch's nemesis, Dorothy Gale.
Off-screen, the film's starring foes were actually friends. One story that emerged from the set described Garland excitedly showing off a dress to Hamilton, declaring she was going to vesture it for her graduation. Unfortunately, MGM's Louis B. Mayer sent Garland on a press tour the day of her graduation. Upset, Hamilton phoned Mayer and chewed him out.
Giving Credit to Technicolor
In the opening credits, the text reads "Photographed in Technicolor," as opposed to the more apt "Colour Sequences by Technicolor." The phrasing of the credits makes it seem as though the entire movie was shot in colour. Was this done deliberately, or was it a minor syntactical faux pas?
Information technology's widely believed this was a bit of a stunt done to enhance the surprise of the motion-picture show turning into total three-strip Technicolor when Dorothy arrives in Oz. Posters fabricated at the time of the motion picture's debut made no mention of sepia tint (or "blackness-and-white"), adding credence to this theory.
I of History's Most-Watched Films
Although The Wizard of Oz proved popular in theaters, another film released the aforementioned year, also directed by Victor Fleming, actually topped the box function. (You may have heard of that trivial pic — it'due south called Gone with the Wind.) Nonetheless, MGM'southward musical fantasy may have more staying power than other films of the era, cheers in part to re-releases.
The motion-picture show was first circulate on television on Nov 3, 1956, and garnered an impressive 44 million viewers. It's believed that The Wizard of Oz is ane of the 10 most-watched feature-length movies in film history, largely due to the number of annual goggle box screenings, theater viewings and diverse format re-releases.
Source: https://www.ask.com/tvmovies/wizard-of-oz-facts?utm_content=params%3Ao%3D740004%26ad%3DdirN%26qo%3DserpIndex
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